Table of Contents

1. Introduction
   1. Methodology
2. Highlights
3. Ebooks in Canada
4. Ebook buying
1. Ebook pricing
2. Ebook purchasing behaviours
3. Ebook subjects
5. Ebook borrowing
   1. Ebook borrowing behaviours
   2. Ebook subjects
6. Ebook reading
   1. Ebook selection
   2. Ebook features and reading behaviours
   3. Ebook subjects
7. About BookNet Canada
8. Appendix A: Demographics of Canadian ebook buyers from the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025
9. Appendix B: Demographics of Canadian ebook borrowers from the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025
10. Appendix C: Demographics of Canadian ebook readers from the Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025

Introduction

Ebooks are an integral part of the Canadian book market. Nearly 14% of all books purchased by Canadians in 2025 were ebooks, according to the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025. At the same time, 71% of Canadians reported reading an ebook in 2025 in the Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025. BookNet Canada has been tracking the impact of ebooks since our 2008 report Click to Continue, which modeled the future impact of ebooks on consumer spending, and this report continues the work to benchmark ebook use in Canada, revealing the buying, borrowing, and reading habits of Canadian ebook consumers.

Methodology

This study incorporates data from our annual publications, the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025 and Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025. This study relies on both published and unreleased data from these consumer surveys.

The Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025 includes results from our annual Canadian Book Consumer survey which was fielded twice in 2025: in July and December. All told, the study contains data from 1,979 Canadians, 976 of whom were considered book buyers and 466 of whom were considered book borrowers.

For the purposes of this study, 327 Canadians surveyed for the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025 were considered ebook buyers and 135 Canadians were considered ebook borrowers.

The Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025 presents data from a survey of Canadians fielded in January 2026. The survey queried Canadians about how they spent their leisure time in 2025, with a focus on reading. The 2025 edition of this study contains data from 1,278 Canadians, 1,005 of whom were considered readers.

For the purposes of this study, 718 Canadians surveyed for the Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025 were identified as ebook readers, having read at least one ebook in 2025.

For both the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025 and Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025:

• The survey was fielded online through an external provider, to their consumer panel of nearly two million Canadians. The survey was limited to those with internet access who were able and wanted to participate in our panel in exchange for non-monetary incentives as offered by our survey partner (e.g., loyalty reward “point” programs).
• Respondents were English-speaking Canadians, 18 years of age or older, located throughout Canada, and representative of the Canadian population based on age, gender, and geographical region. Selective sampling was based on demographic results from Statistics Canada.
• There is a margin of error of ±3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level, meaning that statistics for this group could fluctuate about 3% in either direction if the survey was fielded to the entire Canadian population.
• The data is unweighted.

This study was prepared by BookNet Canada staff.

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Ebooks in Canada

Canadians are reading ebooks: 71% of all Canadian readers surveyed for the Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025 read an ebook in 2025 and, according to the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025, 34% of all Canadian book buyers bought ebooks and 29% of all Canadian book borrowers borrowed ebooks last year.

Canadian ebook consumers of all types in 2025 share a similar demographic profile to all Canadian book consumers, with some exceptions:

• Canadian ebook buyers are more likely to identify as a man (53%), be between 25 and 34 years old (26%), live in an urban area (61%), and be employed full time (62%).
• Canadian ebook borrowers are more likely to identify as a woman (67%), be between 45 and 54 years old (20%), live in an urban area (67%), and have a graduate or professional degree (24%).
• Canadian ebook readers are more likely to be between 18 and 29 years old (26%), have a graduate or professional degree (17%), and be providing care for someone, such as a parent or child (40%).

You can find full demographics at the end of the report for Canadian ebook buyers (Appendix A), borrowers (Appendix B), and readers (Appendix C), alongside the demographics of all Canadians for comparison.

The following study is divided into three sections:

• ebook buying, which delves into the behaviours of ebook buyers as reported in the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025;
• ebook borrowing, which explores the behaviours of ebook borrowers as reported in the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025; and
• ebook reading, which analyzes the behaviours of ebook readers, regardless of ebook acquisition method, as reported in the Canadian Leisure & Reading Study 2025.

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Ebook buying

In the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025, we found that 34% of Canadian book buyers bought an ebook in 2025. Though ebook buyers were mostly buying ebooks, making up 50% of all their book purchases, they also bought other formats: 33% of their purchases were print books and 17% were audiobooks. This is distinctly different compared to all book purchases reported by the Canadian book consumer survey in 2022, where 30% of purchases were ebooks, while 55% were print books and 16% were audiobooks.

Looking year over year, ebook purchasing has remained steady for Canadian book consumers hovering below a third of all book purchases — 28% in 2023, up to 29% in 2024, and 30% in 2025.

Ebook pricing

Most ebook buyers spent between $1 and $49 on ebooks in a given month in 2025 (40%). Other ebook buyers spent $50 to $99 (24%) or $100 or more (33%) on ebooks in a given month. This is similar to all Canadian book buyers in 2025, most of whom also spent $1 to $49 on books in a given month (51%), while others spent $50 to $99 (23%), $100 or more (23%), or $0 (2%).

Over the entire year, Canadian ebook buyers said they spent an average of $11.85 per ebook. After increasing from 2019 to 2022, it’s been up and down from 2023 to 2025 as seen in the graph below. This is different than for print books, the average price per book for both hardcovers and paperbacks is at the highest it has been looking back as far as 2019 according to the Canadian Book Consumer Study 2025.

Find our source data here.

Over a third of Canadian ebook buyers paid full price for ebooks in 2025 (38%) — less than the 60% of all book buyers who paid full price for their books in 2025. Ebook buyers also took part in ebook-related loyalty programs, such as:

• Amazon Prime — 52% of ebook buyers vs. 41% of all buyers
• Indigo Plum Rewards — 30% of ebook buyers vs. 41% of all buyers
• Independent bookstore's loyalty program — 9% of ebook buyers vs. 4% of all buyers
• Kobo Super Points — 12% of ebook buyers vs. 5% of all buyers

Ebook discounting models used by Canadian ebook buyers, 2022–2025

	2022	2023	2024	2025
Paid full price	45%	45%	47%	38%
Book was discounted/in a sale/had money off	32%	30%	27%	33%
Other special price/offer	8%	12%	11%	9%
Bought as part of subscription	7%	7%	6%	9%
Used a coupon/money-off voucher from the shop	6%	4%	7%	7%
Bought as part of multi-buy deal (e.g., 3 for 2, 2 for $20)	2%	1%	3%	5%

Overall, more than half of Canadian ebook buyers reported that they received excellent value for money from their ebook purchase (56%), with 33% reporting good value, 9% reporting fair value, 1% reporting poor value, and none reporting bad value. In contrast, only 50% of all Canadian book buyers reported receiving excellent value for the books they purchased, across all formats.

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Ebook purchasing behaviours

Unsurprisingly, the vast majority of Canadian ebook buyers in 2025 purchased ebooks online at 93%. These purchases occurred either at an online retailer (50%), through a mobile app (30%), or as a digital download (13%).

Ebook purchasing channels for Canadian ebook buyers, 2022–2025

	2022	2023	2024	2025
Online	46%	44%	47%	50%
Mobile app	30%	32%	32%	30%
Digital download site	19%	19%	16%	13%
Chain bookstores	2%	1%	2%	2%
Indie bookstores	1%	1%	1%	3%
Book club	1%	1%	1%	0%
General retailers	0%	1%	1%	1%
Discount stores	0%	0%	0%	1%

The most popular reasons why Canadian ebook buyers purchased their books at a specific location in 2025 were:

• good price/offer/promo — 41%;
• convenient place to shop — 32%;
• book(s) in stock/available immediately — 27%;
• good selection of books — 25%;
• easy checkout process to buy books — 22%; and
• easy to navigate — 22%.

Ebook buyers were more influenced by price than were all buyers. Only 29% of Canadian book buyers identified good price/offer/promo as the reason to purchase at a specific place.

In 2025, Canadian ebook buyers increasingly became aware of the ebooks they purchased by reading another book by the same author (23%), browsing or searching online or in person (23%), recommendations or reviews (20%), and social media (12%).

For the first time in 2025, we asked about AI tools as drivers of awareness and 3% of ebook buyers chose AI tools as a driver of awareness for the books they bought.

Ebook awareness for Canadian ebook buyers, 2022–2025

	2022	2023	2024	2025
Read other books by author/illustrator	26%	24%	23%	23%
Browsing or searching online or in person	23%	17%	23%	23%
Recommendation/review	19%	20%	17%	20%
Social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, etc.)	13%	13%	15%	12%

Ebook buyers and all Canadian book buyers found the ebooks they purchased online in 2025 in much of the same ways:

• Searching for a specific book — 32% of ebook buyers vs. 40% of all book buyers
• Browsing by genre/subject — 25% of ebook buyers vs. 20% of all book buyers
• Browsing by author — 10% of ebook buyers vs. 8% of all book buyers
• Searching for another book — 6% of ebook buyers vs. 8% of all book buyers
• Sales/offers/daily deals section — 5% of all ebook buyers vs. 3% of all book buyers

Much like past years, most ebook buyers made the decision to buy the ebooks they purchased based on their interest in the ebook’s subject (39%). Other purchasing reasons can be found in the table below.

Purchase decision-making factors for Canadian ebook buyers, 2022–2025

	2022	2023	2024	2025
Like/interested in subject	29%	30%	31%	39%
Low price/on special offer	21%	21%	20%	25%
Description of the book	20%	19%	24%	21%
Like the series	21%	22%	18%	19%
Recommendation/review	17%	18%	18%	16%

The majority of ebook purchases in 2025 were planned.

• 33% planned ahead to buy a particular ebook at a specific time.
• 22% planned to buy a particular ebook, but not necessarily at a specific time.
• 20% did not plan to buy an ebook at a specific time and made an impulse purchase.
• 19% planned to buy an ebook at that specific time, but had not planned to buy a particular ebook.

More than all Canadian book buyers, ebook buyers bought, rather than borrowed, ebooks for the following reasons:

• to have it right away — 18% of ebook buyers vs. 14% of all buyers;
• to be able to reread it whenever they want, as much as they want — 16% of ebook buyers vs. 13% of all buyers;
• because it was cheap — 14% of ebook buyers vs. 8% of all buyers.

Almost all ebook buyers, 96%, reported buying the book for themselves rather than for someone else compared with 84% of all Canadian book buyers in 2025.

As book consumers, ebook buyers were more likely than all Canadian book buyers in 2025 to agree or sometimes agree with the statements:

• I add books to my online cart to get free shipping — 79% of ebook buyers vs. 67% of all buyers.
• The environmental impact of the book industry matters to me — 78% of ebook buyers vs. 70% of all buyers.
• I see marketing campaigns/ads for the types of books I’m interested in — 78% of ebook buyers vs. 69% of all buyers.
• I prefer books that have been published in the last year or so (new releases) over older books — 77% of ebook buyers vs. 72% of all buyers.
• Having books in accessible formats (e.g., braille, large print) matters to me — 77% of ebook buyers vs. 69% of all buyers.
• I prefer to pay for a bundle of content more so than buying one single item — 77% of ebook buyers vs. 68% of all buyers.
• I finish reading a book before I buy or borrow a new one to start — 76% of ebook buyers vs. 74% of all buyers.
• I would like to know if any aspect of my book has been produced using AI (content, index, back cover copy, etc.). — 75% of ebook buyers vs. 69% of all buyers.
• I pre-order books/buy books pre-sale — 72% of ebook buyers vs. 59% of all buyers.
• I buy whichever book is least expensive, regardless of its format — 67% of ebook buyers vs. 50% of all buyers.

Behaviours and attitudes of Canadian ebook buyers, 2025

	Yes	Sometimes	No	Yes and sometimes
I look for sales, promotions, and coupons when I shop for books.	61%	31%	8%	92%
I compare book prices before making a purchase.	51%	33%	16%	84%
I finish reading a book before I buy or borrow a new one to start.	45%	31%	24%	76%
Having books in accessible formats (e.g. braille, large print, …) matters to me.	44%	33%	23%	77%
I add books to my online cart to get free shipping.	43%	37%	21%	79%
The environmental impact of the book industry matters to me.	39%	38%	22%	78%
I would like to know if any aspect of my book has been produced using AI (content, index, back cover copy, etc.).	50%	25%	25%	75%
I buy whichever book is least expensive, regardless of its format (print book, ebook, audiobook).	31%	36%	33%	67%
I pre-order books/buy books pre-sale.	29%	43%	28%	72%
I see marketing campaigns/ads for the types of books I’m interested in.	29%	49%	22%	78%
I prefer to pay for a bundle of content more so than buying one single item.	28%	49%	23%	77%
I prefer books that have been published in the last year or so (new releases) over older books.	27%	50%	23%	77%

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Ebook subjects

Audiobook listeners continue to multi-task while reading; 81% of audiobook listeners say they listened to their books while doing other things (working, commuting/traveling, housework, etc.). A smaller fraction of ebook and print readers also did other activities while reading (listening to music, watching TV, etc.) at least some of the time (57% of ebook readers and 50% of print readers).

In terms of other ways readers engaged with books and their reading, a majority of readers did at least one thing in the list below in 2025 (72%).

• Read all or part of a book aloud to another person (a child, young adult, or adult) (47%)
• Searched for other books by that author (37%)
• Shared the experience, book, or photo of the book with others (23%)
• Went online to read about the author or follow them on social media (21%)
• Added the book to a list of books you were currently reading or finished reading (20%)
• Took an action as a direct result of the book (16%)
• Read or listened to the book in another format (14%)
• Considered the book part of a reading challenge (12%)

The share of readers who attended book-related gatherings in 2025 were much the same as they were in 2024. A third of readers attended an online book club or reading group (34%) or an in-person book club or reading group (34%) at least once in 2025. A third of readers attended at least one book event online in 2025 (33%) and 33% of readers attended an in-person book event (e.g., book launch or reading, award show, festival, presentation, etc.).

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Book discovery

Word-of-mouth continues to be the main driver of book discovery, and more readers chose this as one of three main ways they discovered books in 2025 (up from 31% in 2024 to 36% in 2025). Respondents were able to choose up to three main ways they generally discovered their books; the top five answers were:

1. Word-of-mouth (including book clubs or reading groups) (36%)
2. Bookstore (staff, browsing, displays, newsletter, etc.) (27%)
3. Public library (staff, browsing, displays, catalogue, reader list, newsletter, etc.) (26%)
4. Social media (TikTok, Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram, YouTube, etc.) (23%)
5. Online book retailers (Amazon, Chapters, Kobo, Audible, etc.) (18%)

Online book retailers remained in the top five, but the share of readers who chose this option is the lowest it’s been looking back to 2019. It dipped below 20% for the first time in those seven years.

Awards in and of themselves did not drive much book awareness, only 6% of readers chose them as one of the main ways they discovered their books, however, 63% of readers were aware of at least one of the awards listed below in 2025.

Awareness of Canadian literary awards:

• Canada Reads (27%)
• Giller Prize (24%)
• Governor General's Literary Awards (23%)
• The Booksellers' List (16%)
• Canadian Children's Book Centre's CCBC Book Awards (10%)
• Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize (8%)
• Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction (8%)
• Forest of Reading (7%)
• All of the above (3%)

The share of readers who are aware of at least one of the awards in the list above remained unchanged from the previous year, however, the awareness of the Giller Prize and the Governor General’s Literary Awards have been trending down since 2019.

And though readers are aware of awards, only 6% chose awards as one of the top three influences on their decision to read a specific book.

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Choosing which books to read

So what does influence Canadian readers when choosing which specific book to read? Well in 2025, the top five reasons readers read the book(s) they did were:

1. The subject/topic (41%)
2. The author (33%)
3. The book’s description (33%)
4. Recommendations (23%)
5. The main character/series (18%)

So while word-of-mouth drives discovery, a recommendation is not, on its own, enough to convince readers to read a specific book if the subject and book’s description isn’t also appealing.

Canadians have also been choosing to read more books by or about Canadians or locals in 2025 than in the past five years and this has been trending up over that time period, from 28% in 2021 to 35% in 2025.

Find our source data here.

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Acquisition by format

For the third year in a row, readers were acquiring books from free sources more than from paid sources. In 2025, 49% of readers bought their print books and 49% found a free source. As for audiobooks and ebooks, readers purchased 39% of their ebooks and 45% of their audiobooks in 2025.

Find our source data here.

Book acquisition from free sources

Readers were most likely to get their ebooks from a free source (59%) and the public library was the top spot (21%), followed by a free internet site (e.g., Project Gutenberg, etc.) (19%), receiving them as a gift (8%), or borrowing from someone they know (7%).

Just over half of audiobooks were acquired for free in 2025 (55%). Readers were most likely to have found them at the public library (22%) or on a free internet site (e.g., LibriVox, YouTube, public domain, etc.) (15%).

We asked OverDrive, the world’s leading digital reading platform for libraries and schools, for a look at their data to get further insight into ebooks and audiobooks in Canadian libraries. When we look at their data we can see the growth in ebook checkouts seems to have plateaued, but audiobook checkouts continue to increase year over year, a percent change of 11% between 2024 and 2025.

Find our source data here.

Print books were the least likely of all formats to be acquired for free (49%). The public library was the top place, across free and paid sources, for acquiring print books in 2025 at 24%. Receiving a book as a gift (11%), borrowing them from another person (8%), or receiving them for free (e.g., freebie, Free Little Library, ARC, etc.) (7%) were the final three ways that readers acquired their free print books.

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Buying books by format

Print books were the most likely of all formats to be purchased in 2025 (49%). These purchased books were mainly acquired from an online retailer (14%), a physical bookstore that primarily sells new books (13%), or from used bookstores or thrift stores (11%). General retailers (e.g., Costco, Walmart, Shoppers Drug Mart, grocery store, etc.) also accounted for 9% of print book purchases.

The 45% of audiobooks that were purchased were mainly bought from a subscription service (17%), online retailers (e.g., Amazon/Kindle Unlimited, Audiobooks.com, iTunes, etc.) (16%), a general retailer (e.g., Costco, Walmart, Shoppers Drug Mart, grocery store, etc.) (8%), or a physical bookstore (4%).

Ebooks were the least likely format for readers to purchase at 39% in 2025. Ebook purchases were made from an online retailer or via a retailing app (19%), a subscription service (12%), or a general retailer (e.g., Costco, Walmart, Shoppers Drug Mart, grocery store, etc.) (8%).

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Money spent on books and perception of value

In terms of spending on leisure activities in a given month in 2025, most Canadian readers spent between $1 and $49 (19%) or between $50 and $99 (21%). The third largest share spent between $100 and $149 per month (17%). In 2025, fewer Canadian readers spent $0 in a typical month than they did in 2024 and more spent between $150 and $249.

Find our source data here.

In 2024 we noticed that spending $0 to $99 a month was down at a time when cost of living was rising. In 2025, rising cost of living costs continued to be a concern for Canadians, but interestingly, this does not seem to have had as much of an impact on leisure spending as we might have thought. We can see a downward trend for those spending under $100 between 2021 and 2025 and an upward trend for those spending $100 to $299.

Find our source data here.

When we narrow down leisure spending to just book spending in 2025, we found that more readers are spending nothing on books in a typical month than they did in 2024 (from 26% in 2024 to 28% in 2025). The largest share of readers still spent between $1 and $49 per month on books, but that decreased from 37% in 2024 to 34% in 2025.

Find our source data here.

When looking at how readers answered questions about their budget for books, we can see that more readers say they had no restrictions on buying books in 2025 (27%) than did in 2024 (23%). The largest share of readers still chose books within their budget in 2025 (43%) and those who only borrowed or got books for free remained unchanged from 2024 (31%).

Find our source data here.

In 2025, readers spent more on print books than they did on other formats, just as they did in 2024. Once the threshold was $50 or above, print books either tied or came out ahead in each tier of spending. Readers were most likely to spend nothing on ebooks (15%) than other formats and most likely to spend $1-49 on audiobooks (38%).

Amount spent on books by format, 2025

	Print books	Ebooks	Audiobooks
$0	3%	15%	11%
$1-49	30%	36%	38%
$50-99	25%	20%	21%
$100-149	17%	11%	13%
$150-199	8%	5%	5%
$200-249	6%	5%	4%
$250-299	3%	2%	2%
$300-349	2%	2%	2%
$350-399	2%	1%	2%
$400+	3%	2%	2%

When we look at perceptions of value by format, we can see that most Canadian readers feel like they always or sometimes get good value for the books they buy. In 2025, readers were slightly more likely to only sometimes agree that the print books they bought were good value, ebooks and audiobooks were split fairly equally between “yes” and “sometimes.”

“I get good value at the price I pay” by format, 2024–2025

		2024	2025
Print	Yes	36%	38%
	Sometimes	45%	42%
	No	9%	11%
Ebooks	Yes	39%	41%
	Sometimes	42%	41%
	No	10%	10%
Audiobooks	Yes	39%	42%
	Sometimes	42%	43%
	No	11%	9%

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Format preferences and frequency of reading

Canadian readers continue to prefer print books over any other format. The majority of them would prefer to read print books (58%), followed by ebooks (18%), and audiobooks (16%). The percentage of readers who prefer audiobooks continues to rise — from 8% in 2020 to 16% in 2025. Those without a format preference is similar to previous years at 8% in 2025.

Audiobook listeners were mostly, but not exclusively, listening to digital audiobooks. And this continues to rise as well. In 2025, 30% of audiobook listeners only listened to digital audiobooks and 62% listened to a mix of physical and digital.

Readers in the 55 to 64 age group continued to be the age group most likely to prefer print books at 71% and 30- to 44-year-olds were least likely to prefer print at 49%. The group that most preferred ebooks were the youngest cohort, 18- to 29-year-olds at 24%. Readers who preferred audiobooks also skewed younger, 22% of readers 30 to 44 preferred them as did 21% of the 18 to 29 group. Readers 65 and over were most likely to not have a format preference (13%).

Find our source data here.

Most readers are flexible when it comes to the format for their reading. Just under a quarter of readers will only read their preferred format (22%). This is the same in 2025 as it was in 2024.

Print book readers are most likely to stick to their preferred format; 28% say that if they could not find the print version of a book, they would not read it in another format. Ebook readers were the most flexible, only 16% would forgo a book if they could not find that format, down from 19% in 2024. Audiobook listeners were also flexible, only 20% would not read the book in another format if the audiobook version wasn’t available. This was unchanged from 2024.

Find our source data here.

For the first year since 2021, when the percentage of readers who listened to an audiobook at least once in the year was 45%, the share of audiobook listeners remained flat (57% in 2024 and 2025). Readers who read an ebook at least once has continued to increase from 64% in 2021 to 71% in 2025. The vast majority of readers continued to read a print book at least once a year (93%), This has remained fairly steady over the last five years.

Find our source data here.

Across all formats, readers were most frequently reading once a week (print 26%, ebooks 19%, and audiobooks 15%).

Reading frequency by format, 2025

	Print books	Ebooks	Audiobooks
More than once a day	9%	6%	4%
Once a day	20%	13%	8%
Once a week	26%	19%	15%
Once a month	14%	11%	10%
Less than once a month	11%	10%	9%
A few times a year	14%	14%	11%
Never	7%	29%	43%

Readers were more likely to say that their reading time had stayed the same in 2025 than they were in 2024 and less likely to say their time had decreased.

Find our source data here.

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Number of books read

Just under half of Canadian readers read between one and five books in 2025 (47%) which is up from 45% in 2024. Audiobook listeners were most likely to belong to the group who listened to five or fewer books in 2025 (62%) and print book readers were most likely to read six or more books a year (50%).

Find our source data here.

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Reading behaviours and preferences

Most Canadian readers don’t feel obligated to complete books they are not enjoying — 80% say they will not or sometimes will not finish a book they do not like. Just over half of all readers only read or listen to sections of the book that they are interested in at least some of the time (54%).

Many readers also chose to skim or speed read the books they read. Over half of ebook readers did so at least occasionally (55%), as did 48% of print readers. A majority of audiobook listeners change the speed of their books to either be faster or slower (62%).

Print readers show strong preferences for environmental considerations around their books:

• I want books to be made from sustainably-sourced paper (70%)
• I donate or give away a print book after I finish reading it (71%)
• I want my books delivered in ecological-friendly packaging (65%)

And perhaps for environmental reasons, or perhaps for burgeoning “buy Canadian” reasons, 55% of readers wanted to know at least some of the time where their books are printed or shipped from. This is up from 50% in 2024.

In 2025 ebook readers seem split as to whether they prefer ebooks with embedded audio or video, 22% prefer it, 31% sometimes prefer it, 36% do not prefer it, and 11% are unsure.

The percentage of audiobook listeners who at least sometimes prefer audiobooks with sound effects and/or music continues to jump around; from 74% in 2023 to 69% in 2024 to 72% in 2025.

Other audiobook preferences were:

• I prefer listening to a human narrator over synthetic (AI) narration (84%). This is the highest percentage since we started asking this question in 2022 and will be interesting to keep an eye on this trend in future.
• I have stopped listening to an audiobook because of the sound of the narrator's voice (66%).
• I search for specific narrators when looking for audiobooks to listen to (64%).
• I listen to an audiobook while following along in a physical/print book or ebook (59%).

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Reading devices and apps

Smartphones continue to be the most popular way for ebook readers and audiobook listeners to use for their reading.

Find our source data here.

However, in 2025 smartphone use is down somewhat for audiobooks (from 47% in 2024 to 44% in 2025) and ebooks (from 38% in 2024 to 36% in 2025). Computers have had a bit of a resurgence for audiobooks (from 14% in 2024 to 16% in 2025) as did tablets for ebooks (from 28% in 2024 to 30% in 2025).

Devices used to read ebooks and listen to audiobooks, 2025

	Ebooks	Audiobooks
Smartphone	36%	44%
Tablet	30%	21%
Computer	17%	16%
Dedicated e-reader	15%	6%
Car stereo	-	5%
Smart speaker	-	4%
CD/tape player	-	4%
Braille display/terminal	2%	-

For the seventh year in a row, YouTube is the most popular platform or app used to listen to audiobooks (33%) and Amazon Kindle is the most popular for reading ebooks (31%). Though Spotify (29%) and Audible (24%) are growing for audiobooks, and Kobo (16%) and Internet browsers (25%) are gaining popularity for ebooks.

Most popular apps to read ebooks and listen to audiobooks, 2025

	Ebooks	Audiobooks
YouTube	-	33%
Kindle	31%	14%
Spotify	-	29%
Internet browser	25%	16%
Audible	-	24%
Google Books/Google Play	22%	16%
Kobo	16%	9%
iTunes/Apple Books	14%	9%
OverDrive/Libby	11%	10%
Adobe Reader or Digital Editions	11%	-
Audiobooks.com	-	11%

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Accessibility and reading features

Print books

While not as many options for accessibility features are available to print readers, we did find that in 2025, 16% of print book readers preferred large print formats, 3% preferred Braille books, and 28% of print book readers used a magnifier to read their books at least some of the time. These numbers are consistent with what we found in 2024 as well.

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Ebooks

Three quarters of ebook readers at least sometimes adjust the font or spacing to increase the text size or space out letters/lines (75%) and almost as many used the table of contents for navigating their book (73%). They were also likely to adjust the screen magnification/zoom to make the text larger (71%), and turn on the night display feature (69%).

Ebook features used by readers, 2025

	Yes	Sometimes	No
I turn on the night display when reading in dim/low lighting.	37%	35%	24%
I adjust font size or spacing to increase the text size or space out letters/lines.	34%	42%	23%
I use the table of contents.	33%	40%	24%
I use the reading mode on a tablet or smartphone.	33%	34%	28%
I adjust the screen magnification/zoom to be larger.	30%	40%	28%
I use the Bookmark button.	29%	38%	28%
I use the search function.	27%	36%	33%
I change text or background colour(s) for a brighter contrast.	25%	40%	31%
I use reference page numbers or the percentage metric.	24%	31%	39%
I change the text orientation from portrait to landscape.	21%	34%	41%
I make notes or highlight text.	21%	32%	45%
I turn on the screen reader to use the text-to-speech feature or a Braille device.	18%	25%	53%
I use voice control, eye tracking, or switches.	16%	24%	56%
I don’t know how to use most or all of these features.	24%	32%	39%

Readers 55 and over were the ones most likely to use most of the accessibility features in the list above. With the exception of using text-to-speech features or Braille devices; using voice control, eye tracking, or switches; or making notes. This is similar to what we saw in 2024.

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Audiobooks

Listeners were most likely to replay parts of audiobooks to re-listen to them (77%), use speakers or hands-free features (76%), or listen to a sample of an audiobook before listening to the whole book (74%). These top three features remain the same as in 2023, but replaying and listening to samples have increased since 2024.

Audiobook features used by listeners, 2025

	Yes	Sometimes	No
I use the speaker, Bluetooth, or hands-free feature.	37%	39%	21%
I listen to a sample of the audiobook before I listen to the full audio.	34%	40%	23%
I replay parts of the audiobook to re-listen to.	33%	43%	21%
I reference the chapter or “minutes left” feature.	32%	40%	24%
I use the Bookmark feature.	30%	40%	26%
I use the table of contents or chapter list to read ahead.	29%	36%	32%
I listen at an increased/faster or decreased/slower speed.	25%	37%	28%
I set a timer to stop listening after a certain amount of time.	23%	30%	43%
I don’t know how to use most or all of these features.	27%	37%	32%

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Subjects and types of books

Readers across all formats were most likely to read adult fiction: 74% of print book readers, 70% of ebook readers and 68% of audiobook listeners read adult fiction in 2025.

Subject breakdown by format, 2024–2025

	Print		Ebooks		Audiobooks
	2024	2025	2024	2025	2024	2025
Adult fiction	73%	74%	70%	70%	65%	68%
Adult non-fiction	62%	64%	54%	58%	56%	58%
Young adult books	17%	16%	16%	15%	15%	16%
Children’s books	16%	13%	11%	10%	14%	12%

Breaking down the subjects into genres, we found that most fiction readers chose Mysteries and Thrillers across all formats (52% for print readers, 48% for ebook readers, and 43% for audiobook listeners).

Fiction genres read by format, 2025

	Print books	Ebooks	Audiobooks
Mysteries or Thrillers	52%	48%	43%
Romance	29%	36%	30%
Science Fiction	33%	28%	34%
Fantasy	30%	31%	33%
Historical Fiction	32%	28%	27%
Short Stories	18%	19%	23%
Literary Fiction	19%	17%	19%
Comics or Graphic Novels	15%	13%	-
Chick Lit	6%	7%	9%
Other fiction subjects	3%	1%	2%

The distribution of subjects that readers chose in print formats has remained fairly static over the last several years. When we look at ebooks, we can see that Mysteries or Thrillers have jumped from 44% in 2024 to 48% in 2025. And though Chick Lit is at the bottom of the list of subjects, it’s been quietly rising in audiobook format: from 3% in 2021 to 9% in 2025. Something to keep an eye on?

But there’s been an even bigger trend in the ebook format with the rise of Romance books. As we can see in the graph below, in 2021, 28% of readers identified Romance books as a genre they read in ebook format, and that has steadily climbed to 36% in 2025.

Find our source data here.

As for the last three years, History remained the most popular non-fiction genre. But in 2025, print readers were choosing Biographies or Memoirs somewhat more.

Non-fiction subjects read by format, 2025

	Print books	Ebooks	Audiobooks
History	37%	38%	38%
Biographies or Memoirs	38%	28%	26%
True Crime	32%	33%	35%
Self-Help	26%	26%	32%
Health or Fitness	24%	22%	28%
Personal Finance	16%	21%	22%
Cookbooks	21%	19%	18%
Business	14%	17%	21%
Comics or Graphic Novels	13%	13%	-
Other non-fiction subjects	6%	2%	2%

True crime was the second most popular genre for audiobook listeners, but it has been growing steadily since 2021.

Find our source data here.

For more on the performance of specific subjects, you can find the subject spotlight series on the BookNet blog where we take a deep dive into the Canadian sales and library circulation of a specific BISAC subject. Or watch our Tech Forum presentation, Trendspotting: Book subjects on the move in the Canadian market to learn more about the emerging trends in the types of books Canadians are buying.

Across all formats and across all subjects and genres, in 2025, Canadians read:

• Books that have been made into movies or TV shows: 44% in 2025, up from 41% in 2024
• Books with a sequel (duology, trilogy, series, etc.): 37% in 2025, up from 35% in 2024
• Comics, manga, or graphic novels: 23% in 2025
• Books written in a language other than English: 17% in 2025
• Poetry, books in verse, or plays: 16% in 2025

For the readers who had read a book in a language other than English, the top languages were French (38%) and Spanish (11%).

Non-English languages read by Canadian readers, 2021–2025

	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
French	28%	37%	30%	28%	38%
Spanish	8%	10%	13%	15%	11%
Italian	4%	8%	6%	8%	9%
Mandarin	9%	12%	8%	13%	8%
Arabic	3%	6%	5%	13%	7%
Punjabi	7%	8%	10%	11%	7%
Tagalog	3%	6%	6%	6%	7%
Urdu	5%	8%	10%	8%	7%
Cantonese	5%	4%	6%	6%	6%
Russian	6%	3%	8%	8%	5%
German	4%	6%	6%	9%	5%
Something not listed	30%	25%	31%	24%	22%

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Diversity and representation in books

The majority of readers agree or sometimes agree that books should be representative of a variety of experiences (90% in 2025, up from 87% in 2024). They also believe it is or sometimes is important that authors accurately represent their material through research, fact-checking, and/or hiring reviewers and sensitivity or beta readers (88%). This is up from 85% in 2024. For all items in the table below, there has been a decline in respondents answering “No” when compared to 2024.

Reader opinions on diversity and representation in books, 2025

	Yes	Sometimes	No
Books should be representative of a variety of experiences.	54%	37%	5%
It is important that authors accurately represent their material through research, fact-checking, and/or hiring reviewers and sensitivity or beta readers.	49%	39%	5%
A greater variety of authors should be published and stocked.	40%	40%	8%
It is important that books about a group or culture should be written by people from that group or culture.	35%	36%	18%

Just under a fifth of Canadian readers had read at least one book that fell into one of the categories below in 2025 (17%).

Representation in books, 2021–2025

	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
Books by or about people who belong to religious minorities	14%	14%	17%	17%	13%
Books by or about Black, Indigenous, or person/people of colour	19%	14%	16%	15%	18%
Books by or about people with immigrant status	13%	12%	16%	14%	13%
Books by or about disabled people	10%	10%	12%	12%	11%
Books by or about LGBTQIA+ people	8%	8%	9%	8%	10%

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About BookNet Canada

BookNet Canada is a non-profit organization that develops technology, standards, and education to serve the Canadian book industry. Founded in 2002 to address systemic challenges in the industry, BookNet Canada supports publishing companies, booksellers, wholesalers, distributors, sales agents, and libraries across the country. Industry-led and partially funded by the Department of Canadian Heritage, BookNet Canada has become, as The Globe and Mail puts it, “the book industry’s supply-chain nerve centre.”

BookNet Canada acknowledges that its operations are remote and our colleagues contribute their work from the traditional territories of the Mississaugas of the Credit, the Anishinaabe, the Haudenosaunee, the Wyandot, the Mi’kmaq, the Ojibwa of Fort William First Nation, the Three Fires Confederacy of First Nations (which includes the Ojibwa, the Odawa, and the Potawatomie), the Métis, as well as the unceded and ancestral territory of the Musqueam, Squamish, or Tsleil-Waututh peoples, the original nations and peoples of the lands we now call Beeton, Guelph, Halifax, Thunder Bay, Toronto, Vancouver, Vaughan, and Windsor. We endorse the Calls to Action from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada and support an ongoing shift from gatekeeping to spacemaking in the book industry.

The book industry has long been an industry of gatekeeping. Anyone who works at any stage of the book supply chain carries a responsibility to serve readers by publishing, promoting, and supplying works that represent the wide extent of human experiences and identities in all that complicated intersectionality. BookNet is committed to working with our partners in the industry as we move towards a framework that supports "spacemaking," which ensures that marginalized creators and professionals all have the opportunity to contribute, work, and lead.

BookNet Canada’s services and research help companies promote and sell books, streamline workflows, and analyze and adapt to a rapidly changing market. BookNet Canada sets technology standards and educates organizations about how to apply them, performs market research, and tracks 85% of all Canadian English-language print trade book sales through BNC SalesData.

BookNet Canada has extensive research available on our website, both free and for purchase.

• Canadian Book Consumer Study 2024: New results from our quarterly survey of Canadians about their book buying, borrowing, and more in 2024.
• The Canadian Book Market 2025 (Paid) is our annual comprehensive report on the Canadian market. Contains detailed information on more than 50 subject categories, including market share, weekly unit sales, average selling price, top 10 hardcover and paperback sellers, and public library lending information.
• The State of Publishing in Canada 2023 offers a comprehensive look at the Canadian English-language publishing landscape and explores publishers' operations and staffing, revenue and sales, distribution, format-specific publishing programs, and more.

To stay updated on current and future research, subscribe to our monthly Research newsletter. To stay up-to-date on all BookNet Canada news and information, subscribe to our weekly eNews.

If you have any questions or comments about this or other studies, please contact the research team at research@booknetcanada.ca.

Learn more at booknetcanada.ca.

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Appendix A: Demographics

The following tables compare the demographics of Canadian book buyers, Canadian book borrowers, and all Canadians in 2025, as collected by the Canadian Book Consumer Survey 2025.

Gender identity

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Man	49%	39%	47%
Woman	50%	61%	52%
Non-binary	1%	0%	0%
Prefer not to say	0%	0%	0%

Age

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
18-24	6%	6%	4%
25-34	17%	15%	11%
35-44	20%	17%	14%
45-54	19%	16%	16%
55-64	18%	16%	21%
65+	21%	31%	35%

Region

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Atlantic	8%	5%	7%
Central	56%	58%	55%
Prairies	22%	22%	22%
West Coast & Northern Territories	14%	14%	15%

Location

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
City or urban area	53%	54%	48%
Suburban area	37%	36%	37%
Small town or rural area	11%	10%	15%

Education

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Less than highschool	1%	1%	2%
Highschool graduate or equivalent	13%	11%	18%
Some post secondary education, not completed	9%	6%	10%
College or university degree/diploma	52%	58%	51%
Graduate or professional degree	25%	22%	18%
Prefer not to say	0%	0%	0%
Other	0%	1%	1%

Employment status

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Employed full time	51%	45%	39%
Employed part time	9%	9%	8%
Self employed	7%	6%	6%
Not employed	5%	6%	6%
Retired	22%	27%	34%
Student	3%	2%	2%
Homemaker	4%	3%	3%
Prefer not to say	0%	1%	0%
Other	1%	2%	1%

Relationship status

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Single (never married)	33%	26%	27%
Living with partner	7%	8%	8%
Married	48%	49%	48%
Seperated	1%	2%	2%
Divorced	6%	9%	8%
Widowed	4%	5%	6%
Other	0%	0%	0%
Prefer not to say	0%	0%	0%

Household size

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
One - myself	22%	24%	25%
Two	32%	30%	39%
Three	21%	21%	17%
Four	16%	15%	12%
Five	6%	6%	4%
Six	2%	2%	1%
Seven	1%	2%	1%
Eight	0%	0%	0%
Nine	0%	0%	0%
Ten or more	0%	0%	0%

Children under 18 living in household

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Under 3 years of age	4%	5%	3%
3-5 years of age	8%	10%	5%
6-8 years of age	8%	9%	5%
9-10 years of age	5%	5%	3%
11-12 years of age	5%	5%	4%
13-17 years of age	17%	22%	13%
None under 18 years of age	46%	59%	57%

Household income

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Under $15,000	3%	3%	4%
$15,000-$24,999	2%	3%	5%
$25,000-$34,999	9%	10%	10%
$35,000-$49,999	9%	10%	12%
$50,000-$74,999	19%	17%	21%
$75,000-$99,999	19%	18%	17%
$100,000-$149,999	20%	21%	17%
$150,000 and over	17%	15%	12%
Prefer not to say	2%	2%	2%
Other	1%	2%	1%

Non dominant identity

	Book buyers	Book borrowers	All Canadians
Class (working class, low income, etc.)	14%	15%	15%
Religion (Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jewish, etc.)	9%	10%	8%
Blackness	5%	5%	4%
Indigeneity	2%	2%	2%
People of colour	14%	16%	11%
Gender (trans, queer, 2-Spirited, non-binary, etc.)	3%	2%	2%
Sexuality (lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, asexual, aromantic, etc.)	8%	9%	6%
Disability (physical, mental, or emotional activity impairment/limitation temporarily, episodically, or permanently, etc.)	10%	12%	12%
Neurodiversity	5%	5%	3%
Family structure/single	9%	9%	9%
Age (young, senior)	22%	26%	28%
Language (English is not the first language)	9%	9%	8%
Other	1%	1%	1%
Prefer not to say	1%	2%	2%
No	38%	34%	38%

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